The four mega projects—Neom, Qiddiya, Red Sea Project, and Amaala—are billed as the world's most ambitious, combining technology, sustainability, and natural environments.
Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi Arabia's monarch and prime minister, pushed the projects in the run-up to the country's hosting of the G20 conference.
NEOM: The NEOM project, which stands for "a new future," is being developed in Saudi Arabia's northwest on the Red Sea.
By 2025, the first portion of the 26,500-square-kilometer complex, which stretches over Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Jordan, will be completed.
Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund and international investors are anticipated to contribute more than $500 billion to the project.
It serves more than 1 million people and comprises towns, ports, research zones, entertainment venues, and tourism sites.
The world's largest renewable hydrogen plant would also be used to power the project.
According to the development website, the district's cornerstone would be liveability, with industry centred on 16 areas to pioneer economic growth.
The website for the 2020 G20 summit stated, "Neom is the most ambitious project on Earth, a daring concept, and a vision of what a new future for mankind will look like." “Neom will harness our greatest resource—imagination—to build an altogether new blueprint for sustainability and liveability,” says Sarah Leah Whitson, former regional executive director of Human Rights Watch.